Sanitation Practices to Control and Prevent Disease
1. Which of the following is the most effective method for preventing the spread of waterborne diseases?
A. Boiling water before consumption
B. Storing drinking water in open containers
C. Allowing wastewater to flow into rivers
D. Using untreated groundwater for drinking
Answer: A
Explanation: Boiling water kills bacteria, viruses, and parasites, making it safe for drinking.
2. Which of the following best describes the purpose of a sanitary landfill?
A. To provide a dumping ground for all waste materials
B. To control and manage solid waste in an environmentally safe manner
C. To burn all household waste
D. To store hazardous waste without treatment
Answer: B
Explanation: A sanitary landfill is designed to safely contain waste while minimizing environmental impact.
3. What is the most common route of transmission for fecal-oral diseases?
A. Inhalation of contaminated air
B. Direct contact with an infected person
C. Consumption of contaminated food and water
D. Animal bites
Answer: C
Explanation: Fecal-oral diseases like cholera and typhoid fever spread through contaminated food and water.
4. Which sanitation practice is essential in preventing vector-borne diseases?
A. Proper sewage disposal
B. Open defecation
C. Dumping garbage in open fields
D. Allowing stagnant water to accumulate
Answer: A
Explanation: Proper sewage disposal prevents mosquito breeding, reducing diseases like dengue and malaria.
5. Which of the following is NOT an effective household sanitation measure?
A. Regular handwashing with soap
B. Using covered waste bins
C. Drinking untreated river water
D. Cleaning food preparation areas regularly
Answer: C
Explanation: Drinking untreated water increases the risk of waterborne diseases.
6. Which material is commonly used for constructing sanitary latrines in rural communities?
A. Wood
B. Plastic sheets
C. Reinforced concrete
D. Clay
Answer: C
Explanation: Reinforced concrete provides durability and proper waste containment in sanitary latrines.
7. What is the main purpose of wastewater treatment plants?
A. To produce more sewage
B. To discharge untreated sewage into water bodies
C. To remove contaminants from wastewater before disposal
D. To store wastewater indefinitely
Answer: C
Explanation: Wastewater treatment plants reduce pollution and protect public health.
8. What is the most effective way to prevent foodborne illnesses?
A. Washing hands before handling food
B. Eating raw and unwashed vegetables
C. Storing cooked food at room temperature
D. Using the same cutting board for raw meat and vegetables
Answer: A
Explanation: Handwashing removes harmful bacteria and viruses, preventing food contamination.
9. Which sanitation practice helps reduce the risk of cholera outbreaks?
A. Using an open-pit latrine near a river
B. Drinking untreated surface water
C. Properly treating and disposing of human waste
D. Washing fruits and vegetables with untreated water
Answer: C
Explanation: Proper waste disposal prevents contamination of drinking water sources.
10. What is the best method for disinfecting drinking water in emergency situations?
A. Storing water in plastic bottles
B. Adding bleach in appropriate amounts
C. Freezing the water overnight
D. Keeping water uncovered in an open area
Answer: B
Explanation: Adding bleach kills harmful microorganisms in water, making it safe for drinking.
Design and Management of Community Health Programs
11. What is the primary goal of a community health program?
A. To treat individual patients
B. To improve public health by addressing environmental and sanitation issues
C. To provide financial aid to communities
D. To promote commercial products
Answer: B
Explanation: Community health programs focus on disease prevention, sanitation, and public health improvement.
12. Which government agency in the Philippines is responsible for public health and sanitation programs?
A. Department of Public Works and Highways (DPWH)
B. Department of Health (DOH)
C. Department of Agriculture (DA)
D. Bureau of Internal Revenue (BIR)
Answer: B
Explanation: The DOH oversees public health and sanitation programs in the Philippines.
13. What is a key component of an effective community sanitation program?
A. Community engagement and participation
B. Lack of government involvement
C. Relying only on private companies
D. Ignoring proper waste disposal methods
Answer: A
Explanation: Community involvement ensures the success and sustainability of sanitation programs.
14. Which of the following is an example of a water, sanitation, and hygiene (WASH) intervention?
A. Providing community members with bottled water
B. Constructing piped water supply systems
C. Restricting the use of public restrooms
D. Burning solid waste in open areas
Answer: B
Explanation: WASH programs aim to provide safe water, sanitation, and hygiene facilities.
15. What is the purpose of a health impact assessment (HIA) in community health programs?
A. To measure the potential effects of a project on public health
B. To promote industrial development
C. To increase taxes on sanitation services
D. To eliminate sanitation regulations
Answer: A
Explanation: HIA assesses how a project affects community health and sanitation.
16. Which type of waste disposal system is commonly used in urban communities?
A. Open dumping
B. Landfills with leachate control systems
C. Open-pit burning
D. Dumping garbage into rivers
Answer: B
Explanation: Controlled landfills prevent groundwater contamination and ensure safe waste disposal.
17. Why is regular monitoring important in community sanitation programs?
A. To ensure continuous improvement of sanitation practices
B. To avoid government funding
C. To ignore the impact of pollution
D. To reduce community involvement
Answer: A
Explanation: Monitoring helps identify areas for improvement and ensure sanitation standards are met.
18. What is the main focus of a sustainable sanitation program?
A. Short-term solutions
B. Long-term access to clean water and waste management
C. Eliminating all sanitation facilities
D. Providing temporary clean-up campaigns
Answer: B
Explanation: Sustainable sanitation ensures long-term health benefits for the community.
19. Which factor is most important in designing an effective community health program?
A. Population needs and health risks
B. Number of local businesses
C. Political influence
D. Availability of foreign investments
Answer: A
Explanation: Understanding health needs ensures the program addresses real public health concerns.
20. Which sanitation intervention is most effective in flood-prone areas?
A. Elevated latrines and proper drainage systems
B. Open defecation in safe areas
C. Banning the use of toilets
D. Disposing of waste in rivers
Answer: A
Explanation: Elevated latrines and drainage prevent contamination during floods.
Health Education and Promotion Strategies
21. What is the primary goal of health education in public health engineering?
A. To increase awareness and encourage behavior change to improve health
B. To regulate all medical procedures in hospitals
C. To focus only on treating diseases rather than preventing them
D. To promote commercial health products
Answer: A
Explanation: Health education aims to inform and empower communities to adopt healthy practices.
22. Which of the following is an effective method of delivering health education to communities?
A. Using posters, social media, and community meetings
B. Ignoring cultural beliefs and traditions
C. Relying solely on healthcare workers to spread information
D. Limiting health information to medical professionals
Answer: A
Explanation: A multi-channel approach ensures wider reach and engagement.
23. Which strategy is best for promoting handwashing in a rural community?
A. Providing educational materials and installing handwashing stations
B. Requiring only school children to wash their hands
C. Prohibiting the use of soap
D. Encouraging the use of untreated river water for washing
Answer: A
Explanation: Combining education with infrastructure ensures effective behavior change.
24. Which of the following is a key principle in health promotion?
A. Empowering individuals and communities to take control of their health
B. Forcing people to follow health rules
C. Relying on government officials to make all health decisions
D. Limiting health promotion efforts to urban areas
Answer: A
Explanation: Health promotion focuses on empowering people to make informed health decisions.
25. What is an example of a health promotion campaign to prevent waterborne diseases?
A. Boil Water Advisory Campaign
B. Anti-Smoking Campaign
C. HIV/AIDS Awareness Program
D. Safe Driving Initiative
Answer: A
Explanation: A boil water advisory educates communities on preventing waterborne illnesses.
26. Which of the following factors should be considered when developing a community health education program?
A. Cultural beliefs and community needs
B. Only the opinion of government officials
C. Financial profit
D. Promoting expensive medical treatments
Answer: A
Explanation: Effective health education respects cultural beliefs and addresses local health concerns.
27. What is the best way to encourage long-term adoption of sanitation practices?
A. Providing incentives and continuous education
B. Using fear-based messages without solutions
C. Limiting access to sanitation facilities
D. Keeping sanitation programs exclusive to professionals
Answer: A
Explanation: Incentives and education reinforce behavior change and ensure long-term impact.
28. Which group is essential in promoting public health education in communities?
A. Health workers, teachers, and community leaders
B. Only doctors in private hospitals
C. Business owners selling health products
D. International tourists
Answer: A
Explanation: Local leaders and educators help spread accurate health information effectively.
29. Which health education method is most effective in reaching a low-literacy community?
A. Using visual aids like pictures and videos
B. Providing lengthy technical documents
C. Requiring all community members to read medical journals
D. Using only online materials
Answer: A
Explanation: Visual aids are useful for communities with low literacy levels.
30. What is a key indicator of success in a health promotion program?
A. Improved community health behaviors and reduced disease rates
B. The number of posters distributed
C. The amount of money spent on advertising
D. The increase in hospital admissions
Answer: A
Explanation: The goal of health promotion is behavioral change and disease prevention.