Evidence
1. Which type of evidence is considered direct evidence?
A. Evidence that proves a fact without the need for inference
B. Evidence that infers a fact from other facts
C. Evidence that requires further proof to establish its relevance
D. Evidence that contradicts other evidence
2. Under the Rules of Court, when is hearsay evidence admissible?
A. When it is given by a witness who saw the event
B. When it is made during the trial
C. When it falls under an exception to the hearsay rule
D. When it is written evidence
3. What is the best evidence rule?
A. The requirement that the original document must be produced to prove its content
B. The rule that the best witness must be presented to testify
C. The requirement that the most convincing evidence must be presented
D. The rule that secondary evidence is always admissible
4. Which of the following is an example of real evidence?
A. A witness testimony
B. A written statement
C. A weapon used in the crime
D. A transcript of a conversation
5. Under the Rules of Court, what is judicial notice?
A. The acceptance of a fact as true without formal presentation of evidence
B. The process of examining evidence in court
C. The cross-examination of a witness
D. The requirement for documentary evidence
6. Which principle states that evidence must be related to the matter at hand to be admissible?
A. Competence
B. Authenticity
C. Materiality
D. Relevance
7. What is the purpose of cross-examination in a trial?
A. To present the case for the defense
B. To summarize the evidence presented
C. To introduce new evidence
D. To challenge the credibility of the witness
8. Under the Rules of Evidence, what is considered an exception to the rule against hearsay?
A. Testimony of a witness who heard the statement from another person
B. A statement made under the belief of impending death
C. A statement made during the investigation of the crime
D. A written statement submitted by the defense
9. What is the standard of proof required in criminal cases?
A. Preponderance of evidence
B. Clear and convincing evidence
C. Beyond reasonable doubt
D. Probable cause
10. What is the primary function of the exclusionary rule in the context of evidence?
A. To allow all evidence to be presented in court
B. To exclude evidence obtained in violation of a defendant's rights
C. To determine the relevance of evidence
D. To provide a basis for appeals
Criminal Procedure
1. What is the primary purpose of preliminary investigation in criminal procedure?
A. To determine the guilt of the accused
B. To secure the arrest of the suspect
C. To determine if sufficient grounds indicate crime.
D. To impose penalties on the accused
2. Under the Rules of Court, who is authorized to conduct preliminary investigations?
A. Police officers
B. Barangay officials
C. Judges of Municipal Trial Courts
D. Authorized prosecutors and officers
3. What is the maximum period allowed for a warrantless arrest under the Revised Rules of Criminal Procedure for grave offenses?
A. 12 hours
B. 24 hours
C. 36 hours
D. 48 hours
4. What is the remedy available to a person who believes they are unlawfully detained?
A. Writ of habeas corpus
B. Writ of certiorari
C. Writ of prohibition
D. Writ of mandamus
5. What is the primary function of arraignment in criminal procedure?
A. To determine the guilt of the accused
B. To inform the accused of the accusation details
C. To present evidence against the accused
D. To impose penalties on the accused
6. Under the Revised Rules of Criminal Procedure, when can bail be denied to an accused?
A. When the accused is charged with a bailable offense
B. When the accused is a minor
C. When the accused voluntarily surrenders
D. When guilt evidence is strong for grave offenses
7. What is the purpose of the pre-trial conference in criminal proceedings?
A. To determine the guilt of the accused
B. To expedite the trial by simplifying the issues
C. To present the defense evidence
D. To render judgment
8. Who has the burden of proof in a criminal trial?
A. The prosecution
B. The defense
C. The judge
D. The accused
9. Under the Rules of Criminal Procedure, what is the "double jeopardy" principle?
A. The right of the accused to be tried twice for the same offense
B. The prohibition against being prosecuted and punished twice for the same offense
C. The right of the prosecution to appeal a dismissal
D. The principle allowing multiple charges against the accused
10. In the context of criminal procedure, what is an "information"?
A. A written accusation filed by a private individual
B. A formal charge made by a public prosecutor
C. A confession made by the accused
D. A statement given by a witness during trial
Court Testimony
1. What is the primary purpose of a witness's testimony in a criminal trial?
A. To entertain the court
B. To express personal opinions
C. To confuse the jury
D. To provide firsthand accounts and evidence
2. Which rule dictates that a witness can only testify to what they have directly seen, heard, or experienced?
A. Hearsay rule
B. Best evidence rule
C. Direct evidence rule
D. Witness competency rule
3. During cross-examination, what is the primary goal of the defense attorney?
A. To introduce new evidence
B. To support the prosecution's case
C. To challenge the witness's credibility and reliability
D. To summarize the witness's statements
4. Which of the following is considered proper courtroom etiquette for a witness?
A. Answering questions before they are fully asked
B. Arguing with the attorney
C. Remaining calm and composed
D. Volunteering information not asked for
5. What should a witness do if they do not know the answer to a question during testimony?
A. Guess the answer
B. Make up an answer
C. Admit they do not know the answer
D. Ignore the question
6. Under the Rules of Evidence, what type of questions are generally prohibited during direct examination?
A. Open-ended questions
B. Leading questions
C. Clarifying questions
D. Factual questions
7. What is the role of the judge when a witness is giving testimony?
A. To cross-examine the witness
B. To provide answers for the witness
C. To ensure that the rules of evidence
D. To take notes on the witness's appearance
8. What should a witness do if they realize they made a mistake in their testimony?
A. Ignore the mistake
B. Wait until they are off the stand to correct it
C. Correct the mistake immediately if possible
D. Blame the attorney for the mistake
9. What is the importance of an oath or affirmation taken by a witness before testifying?
A. It legally binds the witness to tell the truth
B. It is a formality with no real significance
C. It is meant to intimidate the witness
D. It is a requirement only for certain types of witnesses
10. In a criminal trial, who determines the credibility and weight of a witness's testimony?
A. The judge alone
B. The prosecutor
C. The defense attorney
D. The judge and jury
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