The Criminologist Board Exam in the Philippines is a rigorous and comprehensive test designed to evaluate the knowledge, skills, and competencies of aspiring criminologists. The examination covers various aspects of criminal justice, criminology, and law enforcement, ensuring that only qualified individuals are granted licensure to practice in this field. One of the essential components of the Criminologist Board Exam Reviewer is the "Introduction to the Philippine Criminal Justice System." This section is critical as it provides the foundational knowledge necessary for understanding the broader aspects of criminology and law enforcement in the country.
Introduction to the Philippine Criminal Justice System
The Philippine Criminal Justice System is an intricate and multifaceted framework that encompasses various institutions, processes, and laws designed to maintain public order, prevent and control crime, and deliver justice. This system is composed of five primary components:
1. Law Enforcement: This includes the Philippine National Police (PNP), the National Bureau of Investigation (NBI), and other specialized agencies responsible for maintaining peace and order, enforcing laws, and apprehending offenders.2. Prosecution: The prosecution service, primarily managed by the Office of the Prosecutor, is tasked with investigating crimes, filing charges against suspects, and representing the state in criminal cases.
3. Judiciary: The judicial system, including various courts such as the Supreme Court, Court of Appeals, and regional trial courts, interprets and applies the law, ensures fair trials, and adjudicates criminal cases.
4. Penology: This involves correctional institutions and rehabilitation centers that manage the incarceration, rehabilitation, and reintegration of convicted individuals.
5. Community: This component focuses on crime prevention and control initiatives involving community members, local government units, and non-governmental organizations working together to maintain peace and security.
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CRIMINOLOGIST REVIEWER
Welcome to our Criminologist Reviewer. In this session, you'll have the opportunity to test your understanding of key concepts in Introduction to Philippine Criminal Justice System. The quiz consists of multiple-choice questions covering various topics. Pay close attention to each question and select the best answer. After completing the exam, check the video below for the answer key and explanations.
1. What is the highest court in the Philippines?
a. Court of Appeals
b. Sandiganbayan
c. Regional Trial Court
d. Supreme Court
2. Which agency is primarily responsible for maintaining peace and order in the Philippines?
a. Bureau of Corrections
b. National Bureau of Investigation
c. Philippine National Police
d. Philippine Drug Enforcement Agency
3. Which of the following is NOT a component of the Philippine criminal justice system?
a. Law enforcement
b. Judiciary
c. Corrections
d. Legislature
4. What is the role of the Sandiganbayan in the Philippine judiciary?
a. Handles cases involving crimes against women and children
b. Tries civil cases involving property disputes
c. Deals with corruption cases involving public officials
d. Reviews decisions of lower courts
5. Which agency is responsible for the custody and rehabilitation of prisoners in the Philippines?
a. Bureau of Jail Management and Penology
b. National Bureau of Investigation
c. Department of Justice
d. Philippine National Police
6. What is the main function of the National Bureau of Investigation (NBI)?
a. To prosecute criminal cases
b. To enforce drug laws
c. To conduct investigations on crimes of national importance
d. To oversee the correctional institutions
7. Which of the following courts in the Philippines has jurisdiction over criminal cases punishable by imprisonment exceeding six years?
a. Municipal Trial Court
b. Metropolitan Trial Court
c. Regional Trial Court
d. Shari’a Circuit Court
8. What agency is in charge of overseeing the parole and probation system in the Philippines?
a. Department of Justice
b. Bureau of Corrections
c. Parole and Probation Administration
d. Philippine National Police
9. Who is the chief law officer of the government in the Philippines?
a. Chief Justice
b. Ombudsman
c. Solicitor General
d. Secretary of Justice
10. What is the primary purpose of the correctional system in the Philippines?
a. To punish offenders
b. To provide temporary detention
c. To rehabilitate and reintegrate offenders into society
d. To isolate offenders from society permanently
11. Which law enforcement agency is specifically tasked with combating illegal drugs in the Philippines?
a. Philippine National Police
b. National Bureau of Investigation
c. Philippine Drug Enforcement Agency
d. Bureau of Corrections
12. What is the function of the Office of the Ombudsman in the Philippines?
a. To prosecute criminal cases
b. To oversee correctional institutions
c. To investigate and prosecute government officials for corruption
d. To maintain public order and safety
13. Which body handles the prosecution of criminal cases in the Philippines?
a. Department of Justice
b. Public Attorney’s Office
c. Office of the Ombudsman
d. Office of the Prosecutor
14. What is the term used to describe the legal principle that ensures an individual cannot be tried twice for the same offense?
a. Habeas corpus
b. Ex post facto
c. Double jeopardy
d. Due process
15. Which court in the Philippines has jurisdiction over appeals from lower courts?
a. Supreme Court
b. Court of Appeals
c. Sandiganbayan
d. Regional Trial Court
16. Which agency is tasked with implementing the country's penal policies and managing the national penitentiaries?
a. Bureau of Jail Management and Penology
b. Philippine National Police
c. Bureau of Corrections
d. National Bureau of Investigation
17. Which entity in the Philippines is primarily responsible for providing free legal assistance to indigent clients?
a. Department of Justice
b. Public Attorney’s Office
c. Integrated Bar of the Philippines
d. Office of the Solicitor General
18. What is the role of the Integrated Bar of the Philippines (IBP)?
a. To prosecute criminal cases
b. To oversee the judiciary
c. To regulate the practice of law and provide professional development for lawyers
d. To manage correctional facilities
19. Which court in the Philippines handles cases involving Muslim personal laws?
a. Regional Trial Court
b. Court of Appeals
c. Shari’a District Court
d. Sandiganbayan
20. What is the main function of the Philippine Commission on Human Rights (CHR)?
a. To enforce criminal laws
b. To prosecute corruption cases
c. To investigate and address human rights violations
d. To manage correctional institutions
21. Who appoints the members of the Philippine judiciary?
a. President
b. Chief Justice
c. Senate
d. Secretary of Justice
22. Which law enforcement agency in the Philippines is responsible for investigating and combating cybercrimes?
a. Bureau of Corrections
b. Philippine Drug Enforcement Agency
c. Cybercrime Investigation and Coordinating Center
d. National Bureau of Investigation
23. What is the main purpose of a preliminary investigation in the Philippine criminal justice system?
a. To determine the guilt of the accused
b. To collect evidence for trial
c. To determine whether there is sufficient evidence to file charges
d. To provide legal assistance to the accused
24. Which of the following agencies is part of the Philippine correctional system?
a. Bureau of Fire Protection
b. Bureau of Immigration
c. Bureau of Jail Management and Penology
d. Bureau of Internal Revenue
25. What is the purpose of the Witness Protection, Security, and Benefit Program in the Philippines?
a. To provide legal defense for accused individuals
b. To ensure the protection and safety of witnesses testifying in criminal cases
c. To oversee the rehabilitation of prisoners
d. To monitor law enforcement activities
26. Which entity is responsible for accrediting and supervising non-governmental organizations (NGOs) that provide correctional services in the Philippines?
a. Department of Social Welfare and Development
b. Bureau of Corrections
c. Department of Justice
d. Commission on Human Rights
27. What is the function of the Philippine Department of Justice (DOJ)?
a. To oversee correctional institutions
b. To enforce criminal laws
c. To provide legal assistance to indigent clients
d. To prosecute criminal cases and represent the government in legal matters
28. Which court has the authority to review final decisions and orders of the Commission on Elections (COMELEC)?
a. Regional Trial Court
b. Court of Appeals
c. Supreme Court
d. Sandiganbayan
29. What is the main goal of the Juvenile Justice and Welfare Act in the Philippines?
a. To impose stricter penalties on juvenile offenders
b. To ensure the rehabilitation and reintegration of juvenile offenders
c. To expedite the trial process for juvenile cases
d. To separate juvenile offenders from adult offenders
30. Which agency is tasked with monitoring and controlling drug trafficking and abuse in the Philippines?
a. National Bureau of Investigation
b. Bureau of Corrections
c. Philippine Drug Enforcement Agency
d. Department of Justice
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